Motor-control system.



IOOJOOMOO.v r PATBNTBD AUG. 4, 1908.

A O. O. GILPRI.

` MOTOR CONTROL ssTEM.

APPLICATION PILD APE. 10, 1908. n

Jef R ATTORNEY PATENTED AUG. 4l

l Nb. 'SOT/TOO;

0.511. GILPIN. MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM.

Y APLIGATIOE YILED APR. 10, HSS.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

iNviaNma man/JAA- A-rronNnnarran! Sarns.

- PLENT OFFICE- j.

CHAR-LES D. GILPIN, QF CLVELEID, OHIO, ASSIGNQR TO THEELECTRIC CG'XTROLLER AND SUPPLY COMPANY, CLEVELAND, Oll[0,'A CORPORATION Ol" OHIO.

Mercanca-mor. sYsTEM.

l NQ. 895,400.

Specication of Letters Patent.

. Patentes aug; 4, 190s.

Application med Apr-i1 1o, 1901s.v serial No. 425,233. Y

ATo all whom 'it 'may con-cem:

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. GILPIN, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in Motor-Control Systems, of which the following is @specification. t

My invention relates to systems of control for motors and has s cial reference to the control of motors use lfor hoisting though it may have other applications.

In the control of certain classes of hoisting Work, such as that used in hoisting a bucket of ore or coal handling brid es, or the like, where the Weight of the load oisted will not quite, but almost, overhaul the motors andA hoisting mechanism, I have found that it is not always desirable to provide a full reversingcontroller. ln the' control of large motors or motors at a distance, where the controller is made up of a series of .magneticallyoperated switches, I have devised a system of control `which sustainsp. partial reverse controller, designed to overcome the obj ections of a full reversing controller. My partial reverse control system is simple and requires fewer magnetic switches than a ull reverseI controller when the same number of acceleratingpoints are re uired in hoisting.

eferring to t e drawings, Figure 1 1s a diagrammatic view of my invention applied to a compound-wound motor. Figs. 2 to 7, inclusive show diagrammatically a connection made when the master controller is on the lowering points 4, 5, and 6 and on the braking points 3, 2,`and 1,1'espectively. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic view of my invention applied to a series-wound motor. Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive, show di.l grammatically with reference to Fig. 7 what Figs. 2 to 7 show with reference to Fig. 1.

Referring tirst to Figs. 1 to 7, A represents the motor; F, the series field; and F', the shunt i'ield for' the motor; and B the brake.y preferably of the magnetically retracted type. Ss is the main switch for connecting the controller to the +andmains.

The master-switch has the controller handle m', which carries at opposite sides of its pivot the brushes or contacts im.2 and m3, each arranged to bridge two or more stationary contact. strips. A'The Contact strips s', s3, s3, s, ss, and s lead to the windings ol the switches S', Si, S3, S, Si', and S, respectively.

' If the handle m of the master-Snitch M is moved to the left so that it rests at the first hoisting position, the switch S' will be closed,- its actuating winding being in the following circuit.: from the positive pole of the switch S, through the winding of the switch S the contact strips s of the master controllcr M, the brush m2, and the 'negative cen- .tact n to the negative pole of the switch S. The closing of the switch S closes the following motor circuit: from the positive side of the switch S8. through the switch S', the armature A, the brake B, the lower end of the switch S7, and the resistance sections R', R2, R3, and R, at the last of which the current divides, part going through the adj'ustable resistance R and t ie winding-of the throttle Y to the upper end of the switch S5 where it meets the other branch of the current from the adjustable resistance section R. From the upper end of the switch S5, the motor current passes through the field F to the negative side of the switch S3. The motor will run with all the resistance except the section R5 in circuit.

If thehandle m' be moved to the second position, the cont-act strip s will be engaged y the brush m2,*whereby a. circuit closedV from the positive sideof the switch S through the contacts of the throttle Y, the auxiliary contacts of the switch S', the winding of the switch S2, the contact strip s2, the brush m of the switch Ss. he motor circuit is the saine as for the first Iposition.except. thatthe current shunts the section R of the resistance by )assing through thc. switchS". Of course, the switch Sl cannot close until the current passing through the throttle or relay Y falls so as to permit the cont-acts of the throttle to close. The. circuitwith -the resistance 1' holds the winding of the switch Ss energized after the switch has closed even though the throttle Y should open, but isnot of such strength to cause the. switch to close, ifo en.

he movement of the handle m.' to the third hoist-ing position 'brings the brush m.3 on the strip s, which closes thc circuit including the winding of t-hc switch S3, which will close as soon as the throttle Y .will persistance r holding it closed. As the handle posit-ions, the vstrips s* and ss will he suer-esand the contact stri n to the negative side.

mit it to do so, the circuit including the re- A los .-m is moved to the fourth and lil'th hoisting :riad Si will close, the switch C i' sively engaged by* the brush 'm3,' whe t-its including 'the windings of the YAches S* and will be energized so as to fzs-use the ccssivu closing of these. switches is; anti-ol of the throttle Y.

To stop the motor, the. handle to the "oltw position, whereby tir.; supplying the. motor will he inter i ie opening of the automatic swim.L i ie brake B will hedenergized, per rnc. brake to setV and 'nold the loketbandi- 4 pn' bp. Injrhl O ille Tiglltolf posit-ion to the first braking g iie brush m`l connects the. contacts si .and s2 :nifl the brush ma connects the ci si and s, which cause the energized :a of thc.

winding of the switches 52, S3, and Si ad the consequent closing of the said swi current can flow through the mot the switch S1 is stili open, and coi? the brake B i'onuiins set. if now ttc. *2' is inoved to the second brakingl he brush m-1 :uses of? from the cf and the switcili S3 opens. Yhen t.' m" is moved to the i'hird braking pos brush mi passes from the Contact s: pff switch S opens.

if the lnindlc is now inovci fourth position, wi ich is the first. E

wsition, th'contmiss2 :ind .s7 ar hv the brush m, whereupon the s ciosod all the time. The motor circ.V exists :is follows; from the positive the switch S througxi the resistance. ic, :ind th:- switch Si, thebrake B, ik loro A, thc switch S, :ind the point it joined hy a brunch circuit oa'cr cud of tht` .switch h" lhrouifh ii S: :ind the resistant-c section lt". i f

.maint c the. motor cisl-.nit pnsscs thi insistance sections it: und lt, the u" 't1-' the switch S5, and the .field l: to ti 'o poli* of the switch S. The p ce cnrrcnt through this circuit rui.. 'nn-:lic und drives thc armature in s. i the avverse of its forincr direction position the. resist-.iuris i, Hf, mui l.; swzm-s with the motor :ind the resists: ce it l ii' heilig .short-cir 'ted by the ("oiismpnntly, the load is lowcrl sa Sml. 'The motor circuit for this than ioweiiug posi! ion is shown on Fig. L.

'hcn the handle m. inovcd to t? position. being the second lowering En# lire brush m1 pawns oilfrom the i thereby causing the :switch SE to op the only change in the electrical ons made :it this position of the li Y this pairing ot *he switch b" ii- :nit for ihv. resistance ii' is rcuio -q the motor circi zo pzi-.s throng lsimu-e lt' before i:

I. The motor vii-' -uisir il c MIF .my u..

la J

shunt. with the armature, the resisuince.

shown on Fig. 3, which is the same asFig. 2

except. that the resistance 'R' is with the refV sistance PE in shuntwith the armature.

It' the v :oiitroller'handle m is moved to the sixth position, which is the third lowering po-.

1 short-circuits the rsistance shown in Fig. 2; und the. condition of the ircuits in Fig. 4 will obviously canse an increase of motor speed fronithat caused by the condition of the circuits as shown on Fig. 3.

As the load approaches the desired position, the speed of the mot-or can be reduced by bringing the master switch handle m. to

thelitth position and then to the fourth positior.. bringing the handle m' to the third position which is the iirstbraking position, At this posit-ion of the handle the switch S is closed and the switches Si, S3, S, S5, und b" are opened. The nath of the current through the motor to tie brake is shown on Fig. 5. It; is seen that the motor armature und. the brake ure removed from the power circuit and that. the armature circuit is closed en itself through the brake and the resistance sections It and R2. As the circuit through the. shunt Yield F is not open the armature will generate current and dynamic braking will occur. of this braking, the controller handle m. is moved to vthe second braking position, where upon the switch S2 is closed and the rcsistuncc section lt is shuntcd, the motor circuit connections being shown on Fig. 6. To in- 'crease further this braking efl'ect, the'handle mv of the controller may be placed'in the first position which closes the switch t causing' the armature circuit. tobe closed on itsei through the brake, the circuit connections heilig shown on Fig. 7. To stop the downward motion of the hoist, the handle m of the master cont-roller may he brought to offposition, which opens all the switches exec t switch b" :ind which also permits the broke to be applied. L

It is thus seen that by the use offonly seven electro magnetic switches, i have secured tive points of acceleration in the hoisting direction, three points in `the lowering direction,

and three points of retardation by dynamic' braking- To secure the saine number of points of acceleration with partial or full reversail and dynamic braking on the shunttcld would require :it least eight magnet-ic switches in many other control systems, with which I :ini familiar. I do not desire to limit myself to :my definite number of 'The motor cz'in then be retarded by To increase further the mo'unt saitche's, as itis vevident that I can use only *six switches and secure four points of acceleration in hoistinf7 and two each in lowering and braking. ho matter how many or few switches are used, I can secure the same number of acceleration points as in any other' system by the use of one less switch.

In Fig. 8 I have shown my control system applied to a series motor. It will be noted that one extra magnetic switch S is required to accomplish the same results. This extra magnetic switch S is placed between the switches S and S and when closed connect thel armature in a closed circuit which includes more or less of the resistance sections as shown in Figs. 12, 13, and 14.' It will be observed that in all three of the braking po. sitions that the motor circuit is 'interru ted at the switch S, the same as in the tiree braking positions shownin Figs. 5, 6, and 7.

To accomplish the saine cycle of operation in any other type of controller system with which I am acquainted there will be required with the same number of accelerating points ten magnetic switches against eight 1n my system; that is, with my system in order to secure an equal number of acceleration points with a reversal and a graduated dynamic braking on a series motor, two less switches a re required than'with anyother system with which I am familiar.

I claim- 1. In a motor-control system, a motor, a set of resistance sections, automatic acceleration switches for 'controlling said resistance sections, a switch t'o connect a source of current to one pole of the armature for rotating the same in`one direction, and a pair of reversing switches, the members of one 'switch connecting the armature in a dynamic braking circuit and the members of the other switch connecting the source of current to the remaining pole of the armature.

2. In a motor-control system, a motor, a

set of resistance sections, automatic acceleration :nvitches for controlling said resistance sect-ions, a switch to connect a source of current to one pole of the armature for rotating the same in one direction, and a pair of reversing switches, the members of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic hraking'circuit including a portion of said resistance sections, and the members of the other sivitch connecting the source of current to the remaining pole of the armature.

3. In a motoricontrol system, a motor,`a set of resistance sections, automatic acceleration switchcs for controlling said resistance sections, a switch to connectv a source of current to one pole of the armaturefor rotating the same in .one direction, and-a pair of reversing switches, thc members of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic switch connecting the source of current in the remaining )ole of the armature at a point between t ie armature and the resistance sections. l

4. In a motor-control system, a motor, a` set of resistance sections, automatic accelerat-ion switches for controlling said resistance sections, a switch to connect a source of current to one pole of the armature for rotating the same in one direction, a pair of reversing switches,tlie members -of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic braking circuit and the members of the other switc" connecting the source of current to the remaining pole of the armature, yand a master- 'switch for controlling said switches.

5. In a motor-control system, a mot-or, a set of resistance sections, automatic accelera-tion switches for controlling said resistance sections, a. switch to connect a source of current to one pole ofthe armature for rotating the same in one direction, a pair of reversing switches arranged to connect the armature in shunt with a portion of the resistance sections and means for Varying the number of resistance sections in one or both branches of said shunt.

6. In a motor-control system, a motor having a series-wound field, a' set of resistance sections, automatic acceleration switches for controlling said resistance sections,4 a switch to connect a source f current to one pole of the armature to rot-ate the same in` L one direction, a pair of reversing switches, the members of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic braking circuit and l the members of the other switdh connecting the source of current to the remaining pole of the armature, and a switch to connect the said field in the said braking circuit.

7. In a motor-control system, a motor having a series-wound field, a set o1e resistance sections, 'automatic acceleration switches for controlling said resistance sec- A tions, a switch to connect a source of current to one pole of the armature to rotate the same in one direction, a pair of reversing switches, the members of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic brakin circuit and the members of the other switc connecting the. source of current to the remaining ole oi the armature, a switch to connect t ie said field in the said braking circuit, and a master-switch for controlling the said switches.

8. In a motor-control system, a motor, a, switch to connect a source of current to one pole of the armature for rotating the same in one direction, and a pair of reversing switches, the members of one switch connecting the armature in a dynamic braking circuit and the members of the other switch connecting the source of current to the remaining pole of the armature.

)raking circuit and the members of the other 9. In a motor-control system, a set of re-v sisizmcc souions, "acceleration switches for l in Series with the armature, and runeansfor controlling said resist-ance sections, switch Lc connffcta. source of current to ons pole of the armature for rotating the saine in 'one direct-imi, and vcrsing switch mechanism to connect Ll-.cf source currenty io the 1'0- nmning pole nf the armature a suoli :i point :is to include a. portion u1 .wml resieinnce :10c-

Lions in series with ills :sim-.turen l0. In n mmm-anniv@ s; icm, n. set. nf rcsistancl.- sv'stinns, murder-.ation swichfs fur controlling sniil rosisnncc sud-long' n Switvli to connect :isnnrvc of current to une pole 0f the. mjm'ainro fm' rotating ille benne in unc. Llirfrction. ravi-ming switch nwclmnisin to connect. the source uf cuireni tu die rmmiininr, pole of' t-lw armature sncli a. point- :is to Include n portion of Said resistance sections varying the number of active resistance sections.

11. In a. 1nuto-cnntrol system, a sci; f r,- Sistnnce sect-mns,

acceleration switches for cont-rolling said rmistvance sections, a. switch to connect. :1 source of' current io one p ole of the armature for rotating the same'in one climotion, `and reversing sWiLch mechanism to' connect the Source of current to the remaining pole of the az'uiat-nre nl', a point between the armature and tnc resistance sections.

Signed nt Cleveland, Ollio, this 6 day of April, A. D. 1908.

C. D. GILPIN.

Witnesses:

C. ImTLE, H. M. DIEMER. 

